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Loop Engineering for RAG Generation: An LLM Cascade from a Cheap Local Model Up to a Hosted Flagship
Enterprise Document Intelligence [Vol.1 #8quater] - Two angles on the cascade, cost and a validation loop, backed by a real sweep of twenty local models against a hosted flagship The post Loop Engineering for RAG Generation: An LLM Cascade from a Cheap Local Model Up to a Hosted Flagship appeared first on Towards Data Science.
Context Windows Forget What Matters — I Built a Usage-Reinforced Decay Engine for AI Agent Memory
Most AI memory systems keep the newest information—not the most important. Here's how I used the Ebbinghaus forgetting curve to build a better memory engine for LLMs. The post Context Windows Forget What Matters — I Built a Usage-Reinforced Decay Engine for AI Agent Memory appeared first on Towards Data Science.
PhysCoRe: Physics-Corrected Residual World Models for Material-Aware Deformable Dynamics
arXiv:2607.20653v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Predicting how deformable objects evolve under robotic manipulation is a longstanding challenge. Existing approaches typically rely on per-object optimization to fit material parameters, which can be slow and cannot generalize, while end-to-end learned alternatives extrapolate poorly and often violate basic physical structure. We present PhysCoRe, a physics-corrected residual world model that couples a differentiable Material Point Method (MPM) simulator with two feed-forward neural networks. A material refinement module, Material from Motion (MfM), infers per-particle elasticity from visual observations, grounding the simulator in object-specific physics. A residual correction module, Residual from Dynamics (RfD), learns the discrepancy and predicts corrections to the simulator's internal dynamics, absorbing systematic biases that the analytical model cannot capture. This design also supports online material identification on novel objec
HERMES: Heterogeneous Edge-Relational Multi-Head Embedded SSM Attention for Traffic Conflict Prediction at Signalized Intersections
arXiv:2607.20505v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Surrogate safety measures (SSMs) enable proactive traffic safety assessment, but many existing methods evaluate pairwise interactions independently or flatten multi-agent scenes into fixed feature vectors, limiting their ability to represent heterogeneous interaction structure and evolving scene-level risk. This study formulates traffic conflict assessment as temporal heterogeneous scene-graph classification and proposes HERMES, a heterogeneous edge-relational graph neural network with SSM-informed multi-head attention. Vehicles and pedestrians are represented as heterogeneous nodes, while vehicle-vehicle, vehicle-pedestrian, and pedestrian-pedestrian interactions are encoded as relation-specific edges with continuous kinematic and surrogate-safety descriptors. Relation-specific attention, dynamic node-edge updates, safety-aware graph pooling, and temporal sequence learning are jointly used to estimate scene-level conflict probability. HE
PhantomFill: When the Form Demands an Answer, Language Models Invent One
arXiv:2607.20492v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Language models in production do not write prose. They fill forms: JSON fields, function arguments, extraction templates. We show that the form itself causes hallucination. We ask thirteen models the same question about the same input and change only the answer format. The inputs are built so the question cannot be answered: a viral post showing 12,400 likes but no visible replies, a support ticket whose call was never transcribed. In free text, GPT-5.5 answers honestly. It says there is no reply data, 98% of the time. Given a required JSON field for sentiment, the same model invents an answer 40 times out of 40. It fabricates the mood of crowds it never saw and quotes customers it never heard. The pattern holds with force. Required fields drive fabrication to 100% in ten of thirteen models. An explicit "insufficient evidence" option rescues only the frontier: all nine open-weight models ignore it. A direct instruction, do not infer senti
Marking the Wrong Symptoms: Evaluating LLM Watermarks in Medical Texts
arXiv:2607.20462v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into clinical workflows, stressing the need for reliable traceability of model-generated output with watermarking. Yet, most watermarks are evaluated on general-purpose benchmarks, leaving domains like medicine, where small token-level perturbations can result in significant semantic changes, underexplored. In this work, we present the first rigorous study of how LLM watermarks affect medical performance, benchmarking 5 watermarking schemes across 11 LLMs and 7 VLMs on various tasks spanning unimodal and multimodal clinical reasoning. Importantly, we complement existing evaluations by introducing a human-expert-validated pipeline for systematically auditing medical reasoning quality, terminological precision, and induced hallucinations. Our results reveal that watermarking can induce substantial degradation across multiple failure modes, including lexical corruption, hallucinated te
DataPrep-Bench: Benchmarking LLMs as Training Data Preparators
arXiv:2607.20465v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The quality of training data fundamentally determines the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), yet no unified benchmark exists to measure how well LLMs, agents, and data-centric workflows actually prepare training data end to end. We view LLM-driven data preparation as comprising two complementary capabilities: data construction, which transforms raw sources into supervised training data, and data quality evaluation, which predicts the training value of candidate datasets before downstream training; throughout, "quality" refers to downstream training utility rather than surface-level textual properties. We introduce DataPrep-Bench, the first unified benchmark that jointly evaluates both capabilities under a shared downstream-grounded protocol over six domains and multiple base models. For data construction, methods consume identical raw sources and are scored by fine-tuning a base model on their outputs jointly with Dolly-15k; al
AINTMA: Agentic AI Architecture for Autonomous Test Management with Generative Intelligence, Secure Cloud Communication and Adaptive Quality Analytics
arXiv:2607.20452v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern software quality assurance demands intelligent, autonomous systems capable of adaptive decision-making across distributed cloud environments. This paper presents AINTMA (Agentic Intelligent Test Management Architecture), a multi-agent agentic AI system that transforms traditional test management into an autonomous quality intelligence ecosystem. AINTMA deploys six specialized AI agents (Test Discovery, Risk Assessment, Reinforcement Learning Prioritization, Execution Orchestration, Generative Quality Intelligence, and Cloud Security Monitor) coordinated through a secure multi-agent communication framework over a cloud-native microservices infrastructure. The Generative Quality Intelligence agent employs large language models to produce plain language quality narratives, defect risk summaries, and data-augmented test recommendations. The RL Prioritization agent models test selection as a Markov Decision Process, learning contextual
When Data Science Makes Us Sad: The Story of an Overbooked Flight
$8 million vs $5k + Potentially Going Viral The post When Data Science Makes Us Sad: The Story of an Overbooked Flight appeared first on Towards Data Science.
Most RAG Hallucinations Are Extraction Errors: Seven Patterns for a Typed Generation Contract
Enterprise Document Intelligence [Vol.1 #8ter] - Naming the RAG error correctly matters: model reads the context, so a wrong answer is an extraction error, not a hallucination. Seven typed-contract patterns keep the generation brick honest, with a decomposition rule for small models The post Most RAG Hallucinations Are Extraction Errors: Seven Patterns for a Typed Generation Contract appeared first on Towards Data Science.
Lessons Learned After 8.5 Years of ML
Patience, Optimism, Discipline, Projects, Teams The post Lessons Learned After 8.5 Years of ML appeared first on Towards Data Science.
Prompt Compression Techniques: How to Reduce LLM Costs Without Losing Important Context
Large language models often receive more information than they need. A prompt may include long instructions, retrieved documents, chat history, examples, and tool descriptions. This increases token usage, cost, and response time. It can also make important details harder for the model to identify. Prompt compression reduces the prompt while keeping the key meaning, instructions, [ ] The post Prompt Compression Techniques: How to Reduce LLM Costs Without Losing Important Context appeared first on Analytics Vidhya.